Financial Projection Essay Example For Students

Money related Projection Essay money related projection fundamental component of arranging that is the reason for planning exercises and evaluating future financing needs of a firm. Monetary projections (estimates) start with anticipating deals and their related costs. The essential strides in monetary guaging are: (1) venture the organizations deals; (2) venture factors, for example, costs and resources; (3) gauge the degree of interest in current and fixed resources that is required to help the anticipated deals; and (4) figure the organizations financing needs. The essential apparatuses for money related anticipating incorporate the percent-of-deals technique, relapse investigation , and monetary demonstrating. Budgetary Forecasting Financial Forecasting portrays the procedure by which firms consider and plan for what's to come. The guaging procedure gives the way to a firm to communicate its objectives and needs and to guarantee that they are inside reliable. It additionally helps the firm in distinguishing the advantage prerequisites and requirements for outside financing. For instance, the primary driver of the estimating procedure is commonly the business conjecture. Since most Balance Sheet and Income Statement accounts are identified with deals, the anticipating procedure can enable the firm to survey the expansion in Current and Fixed Assets which will be expected to help the determined deals level. Additionally, the outside financing which will be expected to pay for the anticipated increment in resources can be resolved. Firms likewise have objectives identified with Capital Structure (the blend of obligation and value used to back the organizations resources), Dividend Policy, and Working Capital Management. Consequently, the anticipating procedure permits the firm to decide whether its estimated deals development rate is predictable with its ideal Capital Structure and Dividend Policy. The estimating approach introduced in this segment is the Percentage of Sales strategy. It estimates the Balance Sheet and Income Statement by accepting that most records keep up a fixed extent of Sales. This methodology, albeit genuinely straightforward, delineates a considerable lot of the issues identified with determining and can promptly be reached out to take into account a progressively adaptable procedure, for example, guaging things on an individual premise. Ideas Percentage of Sales Method The Percentage of Sales Method is a Financial Forecasting approach which depends on the reason that most Balance Sheet and Income Statement Accounts differ with deals. Hence, the key driver of this strategy is the Sales Forecast and dependent on this, Pro-Forma Financial Statements (I. e. , anticipated) can be built and the organizations requirements for outer financing can be recognized. The computations outlined on this page will allude to the Balance Sheet and Income Statement which follow. The determined Sales development rate in this model is 25% Balance Sheet ($ in Millions)| Assets| 1999| Liabilities and Owners Equity| 1999| Current Assets| Â | Current Liabilities| Â | Cash| 200| Accounts Payable| 400 | Accounts Receivable| 400 | Notes Payable| 400 | Inventory| 600 | Total Current Liabilities| 800 | Total Current Assets| 1200 | Long-Term Liabilities| Â | Â | Long-Term Debt| 500| Fixed Assets| Â | Total Long-Term Liabilities| 500| Net Fixed Assests| 800 | Owners Equity| Â | | Â | Common Stock ($1 Par)| 300| | Â | Retained Earnings| 400| Â | Total Owners Equity| 700| Total Assets| 2000 | Total Liab. what's more, Owners Equity| 2000| | Income Statement ($ in Millions)| | 1999| Â | Sales| 1200| Â | Cost of Goods Sold| 900| Â | Taxable Income| 300| Â | Taxes| 90 | Â | Net Income| 210| Â | Dividends| 70| Â | Addition to Retained Earnings| 140| Â | | Percentages of Sales The initial step is to communicate the Balance Sheet and Income Statement accounts which fluctuate straightforwardly with Sales as rates of Sales. This is finished by partitioning the parity for these records for the current year (1999) by deals income for the current year. The Balance Sheet accounts which by and large differ intimately with Sales are Cash, Accounts Receivable, Inventory, and Accounts Payable. Fixed Assets are additionally regularly tied near Sales, except if there is abundance limit. (The issue of abundance limit will be tended to in External Financing Needed segment. ) For this model, we will expect that Fixed Assets are as of now at full limit and, therefore, will differ straightforwardly will deals. Held Earnings on the Balance Sheet speak to the total aggregate of the organizations income which have been reinvested in the firm. Subsequently, the adjustment in this record is connected to Sales; be that as it may, the connection originates from relationship betwen Sales development and Earnings The Notes Payable, Long-Term Debt, and Common Stock records don't fluctuate naturally with Sales. The adjustments in these records rely on how the firm decides to raise the assets expected to help the determined development in Sales. On the Income Statement, Costs are communicated as a level of Sales. Since we are accepting that all expenses stay at a fixed level of Sales, Net Income can be communicated as a level of Sales. This shows the Profit Margin. Assessments are communicated as a level of Taxable Income (to decide the duty rate). Profits and Addition to Retained Earnings are communicated as a level of Net Income to decide the Payout and Retention Ratios individually. Level of Sales Calculations | The models in this container show the computations which were utilized to decide the rates gave in the accompanying Balance Sheet and Income Statement. Cash| Cash/Sales = $200/$1200 = . 1667 = 16. 67%| Inventory| Inventory/Sales = $600/$1200 = . 5 = 50%| Accounts Payable| (Accounts Payable)/Sales = $400/$1200 = . 3333 = 33. 33%| Costs| Costs/Sales = $900/$1200 = . 5 = 75%| Taxes| Taxes/(Taxable Income) = $90/$300 = . 3 = 30%| Net Income| (Net Income)/Sales = $210/$1200 = . 175 = 17. 5%| Dividends| Dividends/(Net Income) = $70/$210 = . 3333 = 33. 33%| | Balance Sheet ($ in Millions)| Assets| 1999| %| Liabilities and Owners Equity| 1999| %| Current Assets| Â | Â | Current Liabilities| Â | Cash| 200| 16. 67% | Accounts Payable| 400 | 33. 33% | Accounts Receivable| 400 | 33. 33% | Notes Payable| 400 | N/A | Inventory| 600 | 50. 00% | Total Current Liabilities| 800 | Total Current Assets| 1200 | Long-Term Liabilities| Â | Â | Â | Long-Term Debt| 500| N/A | Contentious Abortion EssayBalance Sheet ($ in Millions)| Assets| 1999| Liabilities and Owners Equity| 1999| Current Assets| Â | Current Liabilities| Â | Cash| 200| Accounts Payable| 400 | Accounts Receivable| 400 | Notes Payable| 400 | Inventory| 600 | Total Current Liabilities| 800 | Total Current Assets| 1200 | Long-Term Liabilities| Â | Â | Long-Term Debt| 500| Fixed Assets| Â | Total Long-Term Liabilities| 500| Net Fixed Assests| 800 | Owners Equity| Â | | Â | Common Stock ($1 Par)| 300| | Â | Retained Earnings| 400| | Â | Total Owners Equity| 700| Total Assets| 2000 | Total Liab. nd Owners Equity| 2000| | Income Statement ($ in Millions)| | 1999| Â | Sales| 1200| Â | Cost of Goods Sold| 900| Â | Taxable Income| 300| Â | Taxes| 90 | Â | Net Income| 210| Â | Dividends| 70| Â | Addition to Retained Earnings| 140| Â | | Full Capacity The condition used to ascertain EFN when fixed resources are being used at full limit is given beneath. (If you don't mind note th at this condition depends on similar suppositions that underly the Percentage of Sales Method. To be specific that the Profit Margin and the Retention Ratio are consistent. ) where * S0 = Current Sales, S1 = Forecasted Sales = S0(1 + g), * g = the estimated development rate is Sales, * A*0 = Assets (at time 0) which shift legitimately with Sales, * L*0 = Liabilities (at time 0) which change straightforwardly with Sales, * PM = Profit Margin = (Net Income)/(Sales), and * b = Retention Ratio = (Addition to Retained Earnings)/(Net Income). At the point when the firm is using its benefits at full capcacity, A*0 will rise to Total Assets. L*0 normally comprises of Accounts Payable (and if present Accruals). The rationale of basic this condition can be clarified as follows. * = the necessary increment in Assets, = the unconstrained increment in Liabilities, and * = the unconstrained increment in Retained Earnings. The incresed in Liabilities and Retained Earnings in the condition are view ed as unconstrained in light of the fact that the happen basically consequently as an outcome of the firm leading its business. Full Capacity Example | Use the Balance Sheet and Income Statement above to decide the EFN given that Fixed Assets are being used at full limit and the determined development rate in Sales is 25%. Solution:First ascertain the Forecasted Sales. S1 = 1200(1 + . 5) = $1500Next, unravel utilizing the EFN condition. Note that we are subbing (Net Income)/(Sales) revenue driven Margin and (Addition to Retained Earnings)/(Net Income) for the Retention Ratio. | Excess Capacity If the firm has overabundance limit in its Fixed Assets then the Fixed Assets might not need to increment so as to help the estimated deals level. In addition, if the Fixed Assets do need to increment so as to help the determined deals level, at that point they won't need to increment by as much as would be required on the off chance that they were being utilized at full limit. At the point when a firm has overabundance limit in its Fixed Assets the initial step is to decide the business level that the current Fixed Assets can bolster. This can be controlled by partitioning Current Sales by the level of limit at which the Fixed Assets are by and by being used. This business level is called Full Capacity Sales, SFC. Whenever Forecasted Sales are not exactly Full Capacity Sales, at that point fixed resources don't have to increment to help the estimated deals level. Then again, whenever Forecasted Sales are more prominent than Full Capacity Sales, at that point Fixed Assets should increment. We will consider these two cases underneath. Case 1: S1 Less Than SFC When the Forecasted Sales are not exactly or equivalent to Full Capac

Impact of technology :: essays research papers

Effect of Technology and Ethical Decision Making The dynamic procedure will consistently introduce moral difficulties to chiefs. Is this the correct activity? This inquiry is the focal point of the moral predicament for any one who is a leader in enterprises all through the world. An assortment of numerous components will be taken in thought in responding to this inquiry. Is it directly for the organization? Is it directly for me? There are numerous approaches to move toward the moral subject, and diverse moral qualities may and can emerge out of various methodologies like in the manner a choice can be assessed is reliant on the qualities and interests of the individual or gathering of individuals assessing that choice. For instance a few partners in certain organizations won't care that much if the choice was made dependent on moral qualities tallying it created the outcomes they anticipated. This is the place the hazard lies, on the grounds that the leader will likewise have this psyche when choosing about the subject, contingent upon the amount the person in question may over look some moral issues in lieu that a decent result or great income can come through. The guidelines about which a chief will mind are exceptionally subject to the ethical methodology. The leader may utilize a personal circumstance or material methodology and choice that will be coordinated towards their own advantage these choices can here and there cause great outcomes for the organization regardless of whether the chief has just the personal responsibility at the top of the priority list. It isn't uncommon that an administrator will settle on choices utilizing this methodology. An alternate methodology might be utilized and choice happens dependent on the genuine number of individuals profited by it. Generally this utilitarian methodology mulls over the outcomes of a choice as a technique for assessing it is profound quality.

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Professional Formatting Service Professional Formatting Service Online Home›Professional Formatting Service OnlineFormatting Help for StudentsAs a student, you probably know that paper writing is an integral part of the educational process. Besides, you already know that essay writing is not only about content but also about many details that have to be taken into account with formatting being one of them. As a result, formatting services are extremely important, if you want your paper to be perfect. Otherwise, no matter how good the content is, your mark will be reduced if the format of the paper is done poorly. There are different formatting styles and students are obliged to master all of them to submit high quality papers. However, different requirements to specific styles are so confusing that it is extremely easy to make a mistake. This is when formatting services will be of great help!Importance of Professional Formatting ServicesSo, why formatting is important? First of all, the quality of formatting inf luences your overall grade for paper. Second, it shows your ability to organize the information in your paper properly and provide good and correct list of sources, correct title page and in-text citations. All these elements form the format of your paper and demonstrate how good your overall knowledge in essay writing is.

A Spirited Female Lead in Pride and Prejudice by Austen...

A Spirited Female Lead in Pride and Prejudice by Austen and Much Ado About Nothing by Shakespeare Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen and Much Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare are two of the best known and best loved literary works in history. One of the main reasons for this is the strength and personality of their leading female characters Beatrice, and Elizabeth and the relationships that they form within the books. Beatrice, described as being possessed with a fury, and Elizabeth as an obstinate, headstrong girl, are characters whose vibrant and incredibly spirited personalities simply leap off the pages capturing the imagination of any reader. One of the key techniques used†¦show more content†¦It is also clear that Beatrice and Benedick know each other of old although we do not understand clearly what their previous relationship was until, when later questioned by Don Pedro, Beatrice reveals that she once gave Benedick a double heart for his single one. By including this idea of a previous failed relationship between the characters Shakespeare makes the ease with which the pair fall into the trap set for them by the other characters more acceptable to the audience as there is clearly still a strong attraction and a lot of unfinished business between them. This also allows Shakespeare to add another dimension to Beatrices character, in helping to explain the reason that it is particularly Signor Benedick who experiences the sharp side of Beatrices tongue and why it is important that Benedick thinks that he is loved of all ladies, only you excepted. The importance of Benedicks character in helping to create a sp irited female lead within the play should certainly not be under-estimated as without him we would only rarely glimpse the feisty and energetic side of Beatrices personality that makes her so enjoyable to watch. Similarly, in Pride and Prejudice Elizabeth Bennet meets her main antagonist in her future husband, Mr Darcy. It is her disregard for what is proper that makes the character of Elizabeth so appealing. When talking to Mr Darcy she

The Controversial Technique Of Hydraulic Fracturing

Texas was primarily an agricultural state until the discovery of the first commercially viable oil well in 1894. Since then, Texas has seen a massive boom in oil production and a sudden shift from an agricultural economy to one more dependent on oil. However, the insatiable hunger of oil eventually consumed most available shallow sources of oil. Only then did natural gas and its variants become a viable option, and with it the controversial technique of Hydraulic Fracturing. Hydraulic Fracturing, or Fracking, as it is commonly known, is a process that requires three main components: a natural gas deposit, drilling and fracking fluid. The operation begins with companies surveying lands to discover an untapped source. Once one is found,†¦show more content†¦Moreover, certain financial and regulatory guidelines must be followed in order to comply with the acts policies (Gallegos, 2015). Per the act, fracking fluids fall well into the category of the act as fracking fluids contain trace, albeit, plentiful amounts of toxic chemicals that are deemed hazardous. Despite this classification, fracking fluid continues to be exempt from the act. The second policy is the Safe Drinking Water Act which details how underground aquifers are to be protected from contamination associated with the injection of liquid wastes into underground wells (Gallegos, 2015). The injection of fracking fluid into shale deposits should undoubtedly fall within the definition of an underground injection well; nevertheless, the 2005 Energy Policy Act specifically exempts hydraulic fracturing activities. Finally, fracking is exempt from certain provisions in the Emergency Planning and Community Right to Know Act. The act requires that heavy industries submit an annual report detailing their use of toxic chemicals to the EPA (Gallegos, 2015). 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Defenders Of Art And Life Differ On Everything In Between Free Essays

In Robert Browning’s â€Å"Fra Lippo Lippi†, a 15th century painter discusses the illogic of his patrons who want him to paint less of the real world—in turn for more spiritually uplifting scenes.   This poem gives Browning a platform to put forward his philosophy on art, which holds equal respect for the high and the low alike.   Similarly, in â€Å"Why The Novel Matters†, D. We will write a custom essay sample on Defenders Of Art And Life Differ On Everything In Between or any similar topic only for you Order Now H. Lawrence forms a postulation that there is more to life than just the label of â€Å"spirit†.   But he goes further to say that there is a difference between that which is alive, and that which is inanimate. He contends life is more important—and a well-written novel is the equivalent of life.   He puts novels on a pedestal, while everything else is lesser than the living things.   Browning’s character Lippi, however, while also detesting the barrier of the word â€Å"spirit† , does not go so far as to say the material mortar of the world is somehow more important than the soul.   He merely defends its equivalence.   He does not believe his paintings are more important than living things; he believes that they share equal value. Although Lawrence is willing to include the human body in with the word â€Å"spirit†Ã¢â‚¬â€he draws a line at the fingertips, and calls everything else (except for the novel) of lesser substance; alternately, Lippi is more liberal in his view, for he does not dwell overlong on the delineation between life and immaterial things—but just on their symbiosis.   Ultimately, Lippi is more humble about his art and life in general. For Lippi, painting for his patrons is only half of a life: carousing about town is the other part.   This is why he regularly escapes for release from the dogged work.   Although the religious service is a career for him, he cannot sustain it without proper romps on the town.   Therefore, by living in worlds both saintly and debauched, Lippi is able to see through the Prior’s facade, when he is asked to only paint the spirit—not the body.   The Prior says: â€Å"Your business is not to catch men with show †¦Ã‚   Your business is to paint the souls of men† (Lines 175-184).   Lippi, however, would rather include everything in his art, and therefore more accurately reflect the world—and make better use of art.   â€Å"Now is this sense, I ask?†(198) Lippi says. â€Å"Why can’t a painter lift each foot in turn, †¦ Make his flesh liker and his soul more like †¦ You should not take a fellow eight years old / And make him swear to never kiss the girls.†(224-225).   Lippi rails against simplifying existence into a word or an image: â€Å"The world and life’s too big to pass for a dream †¦Ã‚   The only good of grass is to make chaff†(251-257).   Lippi cannot settle for a narrow view of the order of things—while Lawrence only partly concedes that there is more to â€Å"spirit† than just vapor.   Lawrence contests that life’s ether is as vital as the shell—and by singling out, labeling—or falsely idolizing any one part of its essence, we are hindering ourselves from fully living.   For instance, Lawrence rants on the fallacy of labels: â€Å"We think of ourselves as a body with a spirit in it †¦ Mens sana in corpore sano.   The years drink up the wine, and at last throw the bottle away, the body, of course, being the bottle†(2446).   Indeed, Lippi’s dead shell of a horse is Lawrence’s empty bottle of spirits—and the two of them seem to agree that definitions of the â€Å"spirit† are just distractions from the truth of existence. Lawrence, however, sets aside one exception, being that the Bible itself, when read as an entire piece, achieves some spirit similar to that of the humankind: â€Å"The Bible †¦Ã‚   [It sets] the whole tree trembling with a new access of life, [it does] not just stimulate growth in one direction†(2448).   Herein lies one key difference, then, between Lippi and Lawrence, which is that Lawrence makes exception for the novel as being at the rank of a living entity—while Lippi does not go so far as to suggest that art is exclusive from the rest of the lifeless world, although he does believe it is as important as life.   After all, Lawrence says the novel can â€Å"make the whole man alive tremble. Which is more than poetry, philosophy, science, or any other book-tremulation can do†(2448).   Moreover, while he does not specifically call out painting as one of the lesser â€Å"tremulations†, it seems safe to say this is implied—since he even excludes poetry from his sacred circle of life—which, ironically, is the medium through which Browning’s Lippi is experienced.   In contrast, Lippi says that life’s everyday details are â€Å"better, painted—better to us †¦ Art was given for that†(300-304).—and again, Lippi does not put art above life—only beside it.   He says: â€Å"Do you feel thankful, aye or no, / For this fair town’s face, yonder river’s line, †¦ What’s it all about? / To be passed over, despised? or dwelt upon†(286-291). Of course, Lawrence, does distinguish the particularization of his own body, and how each part is equal to the whole—but nothing beyond himself: â€Å"Why should I imagine that there is a me which is more me than my hand is?†(2446).   But Lawrence’s â€Å"me alive† theory excludes the static objects of the order of things as merely props—that are not to be confused with life or novels. Ultimately, Lippi sees no place for the soul without the bodily elements, and rhetorically argues: â€Å"What need of art at all? A skull and bones, / Two bits of stick nailed crosswise†(321).   Lawrence, however, sees the various mediums of communication as â€Å"words and thoughts and sighs and aspirations that fly from [us], they are so many tremulations in the ether†(2447).   Lawrence merely concedes that the lifeless elements are â€Å"tremulations† that may â€Å"reach another man alive† and â€Å"he may receive them into his life, and his life may take on a new color†(2447). So, while Lawrence agrees with Lippi that the baser elements are important, he goes on at length to flesh out the reasons why life and the novel are substantially more important:   â€Å"All things that are alive are amazing.   And all things that are dead are subsidiary to the living†(2447).   He builds a wall between life and the novel—and the rest of existence: â€Å"I, who am man alive, am greater than my soul†(2447).   In this way then, while Lawrence agrees with Lippi that the parts cannot be distinguished from the whole, without excluding the essence—he differs in that he goes further to impose a privileged position upon the energy of life and novels, whereas Lippi simply thinks that art and the lesser units ought to have equal exposure in the spotlight life. So Lawrence is circular in his theory, insisting â€Å"spirit† is limiting in its language—while touting the transcending power of the novel.   Indeed, despite arguing that limitations abound under labels, and that any â€Å"particular direction ends in a cul-de-sac†(2448)–Lawrence is still making divisions: â€Å"A character in a novel has got to live, or it is nothing†¦.   We likewise, in life have got to live, or we are nothing†(2449).  Ã‚   Plus, he is proud of his specialness as an artist, in a way that Lippi is too humble ever to approach: â€Å"Being a novelist, I consider myself superior to the saint, the scientist, the philosopher, and the poet, who are all great masters of different bits of man alive, but never get the whole hog†(2448). Ultimately then, at the root of their respective philosophies on art and life, Lippi is more adverse to divisions of all kinds, not putting himself or his art above the world, put equal to it.   One senses that he is not likely anymore proud of himself than the subjects he paints about, while Lawrence is more proud of the novels he writes than the objects described in them. How to cite Defenders Of Art And Life Differ On Everything In Between, Essays

Icecorp International Corp VS Nicolaus-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Describe the decision the Court Reached in the Case and the reasons for the decision. Answer: In the given case, between Icecorp International Cargo Expreess Corp vs Nicolaus, the judge has mainly given focus on the interpretation of the signed agreement between the two above mentioned parties. The purpose of the agreement was to prevent Nicolaus, an employee of Icecorp, who was leaving Icecorp to join another similar company, from manipulating the past, present and future customers of Icecorp and disclosing the confidential information of the company, subject to a severance period of six months. The written agreement stated few obligations to be fulfilled by Nicolaus, after his retirement from Icecorp. These obligations were mentioned under few clauses in the written agreement, which also had a severance period for the fulfillment of the obligations. Nicolaus was sued by Icecorp for the breach of his fiduciary duty of not soliciting the customers of Icecorp and for leaking confidential information of the company. The judge in deciding this case found out that in clause 6 of the agreement it is clearly stated that Nicolaus is not to solicit the past, present and future customers of Icecorp after he retires. But in this clause, it is clearly mentioned that Nicolaus is prohibited to do so only during a severance period of six months. Hence, according to the judge, the fiduciary duty of Nicolaus in respect of soliciting Iccorps clients is limited to the six month severance period mentioned clearly in the clause, and Nicolaus cannot be held liable for breach of fiduciary duty for soliciting Icecorps clients after the expiry the severance period (Thornicroft 2014). Secondly, the judge focuses on clause 7 of the agreement that prohibited Nicolaus to disclose any confidential information of Icecorp. Clause 7 clearly stated that Nicolaus cannot leak any confidential information regarding Icecorp after his retirement. But the judge points out that in this clause there has been no mentioning of any severance period and it cannot be said that the obligation of Nicolaus of not disclosing confidential information is not limited to a time period and hence, it is assumed to be continuing (McKendrick 2014). But the judge does not clearly state whether in this case the duty of Nicolaus is a continuing one or not and the exact time to which the duty of Nicolaus is limited in this case. Hence, he is unable to state whether there has been a breach of fiduciary duty by Nicolaus or not. Therefore, according to the decision of the judge, this case can be decided by a traditio nal trial in a proper tribunal, where proper evidences can be called for to determine the case. References: McKendrick, E., 2014.Contract law: text, cases, and materials. Oxford University Press (UK). Thornicroft, K.W., 2014. Severance Pay and the Older Worker: Negotiated Versus Litigated Outcomes Under Canadian Common Law.Alta. L. Rev.,52, p.779.

Law Enforcement Paper free essay sample

This Law Enforcement paper will describe some of the historic background of police agencies and their Jurisdiction in regard to local, state, and federal law enforcement, all of which fall under the jurisdiction of the Department of Homeland Security. Also covered in this paper, is a brief overview of each departments responsibilities with regard to their primary purposes. History and Development of Police The rise of police as an organized force throughout the Western world, took place the same time centralized governments name into existence. Police forces have grown all around the world but growth of the English police is of particular interest to students of the criminal Justice system in America. The reason for this is due, to a large extent because early American policing was formed on the British model. With the exception of military intervention, law enforcement was not well-organized until close to the year A. D. 200 (Schmeltzer, 2009). During this early period, law enforcement relied on the efforts of citizens to help with criminal apprehension. In 1829, a man by the named Sir Robert Peel (who eater became prime minister of England) organized what may have been recognized as the worlds first modern police force. That same year, the Metropolitan Police Act, allocated resources for Peels force of 1,000 handpicked men, and The London Metropolitan Police Force (also known as the new police, or Met,) became the model for polices forces all across the world (Schmeltzer, 2009).American leaders paid close attention to Sir Robert Peel as he created Loons new police. One year later, Stephen Gerard, a well-to-do manufacturer, donated a large amount of money to the city of Philadelphia to create a capable police department. The city hired 120 men for the night watch, and 24 to take care of similar duties during the day shift (Schmeltzer, 2009). Polling Today It has been said that America has the most complex law enforcement in the world.There are three major legislative and judicial Jurisdictions that exist in the United States federa l, state, and local. Each has created a wide variety of police agencies to enforce the laws. Local Agencies law enforcement activity in the United States. The term local police make a wide variety of agencies that include municipal department, sheriffs departments, and peccadillo groups like campus police. In the United States, the largest law enforcement agency is the New York Police (NYPD), and they have approximately 38,000 sworn police officers (Schmeltzer, 2009).Even though this number sounds impressive, small town and county sheriffs departments have a much greater number of officers. For example, there are close to 12,700 municipal police departments and 3,100 sheriffs departments throughout the United States (Schmeltzer, 2009). Each incorporated municipality in the country has the authority to create its own police force. Of course there are very small communities that in mom cases only hire one officer and if this is the case, that officer will fill the role of chief investigator as well as anything else needed.State Agencies Generally speaking, state police agencies were formed in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century for the purpose of meeting specific needs. There are several state police agencies that exist today. For example, State Police, Weigh station operations, Highway Patrol, State park services, Port authorities, Fish and wildlife agencies, and State bureaus of investigations, to name a few State law enforcement agencies are most often organized after one of woo models.The first model is a centralized model, where the task of major criminal investigations is also combined with patrolling state highways. With the centralized type, state police agencies will assist local law enforcement with criminal investigations if asked. They will also patrol state highways, operate centralized identification bureaus, provide certain training for municipal and county officers, and maintain a centralized criminal records repository. The second state model is called the decentralized model or type of police organization and operates in the SouthernUnited States, but there are also a few Western states, and it also can be found in the Midwest. With this model, there is a clear difference between traffic enforcement on state highways, and other state-level enforcement activities. For example, some states use both highway patrol and state bureaus of investigation. Even though the names often vary from state to state, the basic functions do not change. Federal Agencies Numerous federal law enforcement agencies are dispersed through the 14 U. S. Government departments and 28 non- departmental entities. In 2007, the Government Accounting Office (GAO) came out tit a report that federal agencies employ a total of 139,929 law enforcement officers also known as OLEOS; people authorized to perform any of the four specific functions: conduct criminal investigations, execute search warrants, make arrests, and carry firearms (Schmeltzer, 2009). Some of the federal agencies are the Defense Criminal Investigative Service, Federal Protective Service, Bureau of Prisons, U. S. Marshal Service, and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.The history of the FBI covers about 100 years. Started as the Bureau of Investigation in 1908, it was designed to serve as he investigative arm of the U. S. Department of Justice. Part of the reason behind this business world. Many would say that the FBI is the most famous law enforcement agency in the country or world. Most Americans hold the FBI in high regard because they believe the FBI stands for everything a law enforcement agency should stand for; that FBI agents are exceptional police officers.War on Terrorism After September 1 1, 2001, attacks on the World Trade Center in New York and the Pentagon, the Bis efforts at counterterrorism became, especially important to the welfare of this country. The Bis efforts in combating terrorism included collecting, analyzing, and sharing information and critical intelligence with other federal agencies and departments. Some of these departments are the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), the National Security Agency (NSA), and the Department of Homeland Security (DASH) as well as other agencies across the country (Schmeltzer, 2009). Some changes were made by the FBI as a result of September, 11, 2001. For example, the FBI has made modernization of its information technology (IT) systems a top-level priority. This is a multi-phased program code-named Trilogy. With Trilogy, the FBI can do three important things: First, the FBI has deployed a secure high-speed network that enables people in the FBI offices around the country to share data, including audio, video, and image files.Second, the FBI has given its agents and intelligence analysts more than 30,000 new computers that run several modern software applications. Third, the FBI has developed an IT infrastructure that enables secure communication with FBI intelligence partners (Grabbers, 2008). The FBI plays an important role in national security by defending against terrorist and by upholding and enforcing the criminal saws of the United States from federal all the way down to state levels.

CHS200 - Critical Thinking - Module 4 SLP Assignment - Fallacies Coursework

CHS200 - Critical Thinking - Module 4 SLP Assignment - Fallacies Coursework CHS200 CHS200 - Critical Thinking - Module 4 SLP Assignment – Fallacies al affiliation CHS200 - Critical Thinking - Module 4 SLP Assignment - FallaciesErrors in reasoning are continually engulfing the contemporary arguments hence transforming comprehension, message and intention. Of controversy is the ability to identify logical fallacies, which is increasingly becoming rare (Holt, 2006). Evidently, fallacious reasoning shield people from identifying the truth.A logical fallacy is a bad piece of reasoning grouped into formal and informal categories based on a technical sense that the argument derives. Formal or deductive fallacies offer a water-tight argument that directly connects the premise to conclusion. This is a fatal error in reasoning that has left logisticians and other experts questioning the logical truth. Technically, a logical error in deductive reasoning makes the whole argument fallacious (Holt, 2006).Logical errors can also occur in informal arguments with limited cer tainty. The probability of establishing conclusions, for instance, exposes rational choices to logical tests. The strict sense of might fails to establish the validity of the conclusion hence failing to meet even the standard of deductive validity (Holt, 2006). In this light, identification of informal and logical error becomes complex considering the wide and inferential capacity to re-shape.Therefore, people commit fallacious mistakes in a day to day sequence. Nevertheless, both formal and informal arguments present a substantial level of errors in reasoning that requires further understanding. The complexity in identification of logical errors may become ideal if presumption, relevance and ambiguity gets a centre stage in arguments.In conclusion, the ability to identify fallacious reasoning also contributes to fallacy. The misleading techniques create a false dilemma in reasoning that loosely leaves arguments to presumption. For this reason, evidence should be a critical element in questioning and interpreting fallacies.ReferenceHolt, T. (2006). Logical Fallacies. Info. Retrieved on May 24, 2014, from logicalfallacies.info.

Intuition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Intuition - Essay Example However, it is not so. Arley states that it is necessary to test and improve human intuition, because negligence in this sphere may lead to negative consequences. This is easily proved by the example from his lecture on intuition. Once Arley was in hospital because of serious burn and his conflict with nurses helped him to learn more information about intuition. The nurses did not want to take the bandages slowly and no arguments could change their point of view. However, Dan felt that it would be better to listen to his intuition. He was sure that it is better for him to do the above-mentioned action not so fast. The nurses had much practice and did not wanted to list to a patient. He had no voice during the treatment. Nevertheless, in some time Arley had conducted several experiments that proved the nurses’ mistake. It is really less painful to take bandages slowly. It means that nurses’ intuition was wrong and they need to change it. If they listened to Dan Arleyâ₠¬â„¢s intuition and tested their own feeling concerning the subject of conflict, a lot of patients would feel less pain. It is not very difficult to find the similar situation in everyday life. A lot of problems may occur if people do not listen to their intuition and neglect other’s point of view. ... In a couple of hours the news announced â€Å"the plane was seen blazing down behind the hill, where it crashed.† A lot of people died because they had not listened to the young girl warning about the would-be catastrophe. This is on more example demonstrating that negligence of human intuition may lead to bad consequences. It is necessary to stress that Dan Arley is sure that some kinds of intuitions are just irrationalities. To prove this, he uses an example of cheating. It turns out that a person cheats less when he/she thinks about morality. From theoretical point of view cheating is distinguished as a cost-benefit analysis. After several experiments it turned out that the majority of people cheat by little bit. Moreover, there is a certain level of cheating when people can benefit from it. So, it is necessary to remind people of their morality if we want to stop cheating in educational institutions or any other places. It turns out that intuition occupies a very important role in human life. In fact, it is applied several times during one day. We even do not notice this. What are the examples of these intuitions? They are the following ones: An attempt to guess if your friend likes one of the gifts or surprises you are going to present him/her. You may try to choose the gift according to your intuition. However, in the majority of cases people call it just the capacity to give good presents. If in the evening you are trying to do several things at once while television advertising is on, it means that you try to foresee how long the break between the series of your favorite film will be. Intuition is applied when you have no time to try a dress on, but guess that it is your color. If you are able to find out what is the best

Learning English by Lynn Cameron. Learning Literacy Skills, Grammar Essay

Learning English by Lynn Cameron. Learning Literacy Skills, Grammar and Learning through Stories - Essay Example In the first parts of the chapter, topics such as the theory of how grammar is learned is first presented. As the chapter progresses, this theory is applied through techniques that are effective inside the classroom. At the opening of the chapter, the author negates the ongoing belief that â€Å"grammar has no place in a young learner classroom† (Cameron 96). By exploring the idea of learning grammar through the eyes of the learner, Cameron opens an avenue for the possibility of effectively teaching grammar to very young English language learners. Here, on of the most important point that Cameron emphasized is that â€Å"grammar is closely tied into meaning and use of language, and is inter-connected with vocabulary† (Cameron 96). This makes one realize therefore that it is possible that there is no such thing as â€Å"wrong grammar,† but just a non-standard grammar when applied in the English language. However, this does not mean that grammar is not important, s ince it is crucial especially in â€Å"express[ing] precise meanings in discourse† (Cameron 98). This is where pedagogical grammars come into play. According to Cameron, â€Å"Pedagogical grammars are explicit descriptions of patterns, or rules, in a language, presented in ways that are helpful to teachers and to learners† (100). ... It can also be inferred from this chapter that since different languages may have different rules in grammar, English language learners could benefit from encouraging their curiosity, and being introduced to the â€Å"patterns and contrasts in and between languages [in and between the learner's first language and English]† (Cameron 121). This also means that teaching grammar to young English language learners can be done effectively not through formal teaching, but by introducing it whenever an opportunity shows up. Here is where one of the strongest points of the chapter lies. All within these theories and principles of teaching presented, the author also focuses on presenting classroom data. This allows readers to link the chapter's concepts to application inside the classroom, and to focus on what really happens inside classrooms of young English language learners. It is also good that this style is presented through conversations with different young learners', because not only it shows that it is applicable in almost every foreign learner situation, but also emphasizes that there are still several emergent concepts inside a young English language learner's classroom. Chapter 6: Learning Literacy Skills In this chapter, author Lynn Cameron provides readers important insights on how young learners of English develop literacy skills. Just like the previous chapter, this specific area of learning in a young English learner's classroom requires a teacher who is not only skilled in teaching, but also well-informed when it comes to some issues and concerns on the learning of literacy skills especially of young kids. The chapter provides useful information on the applicable strategies and effective principles for teaching based on the contemporary

Dell Followed A Hybrid Focus Strategy Commerce Essay

Dell Followed A Hybrid Focus Strategy Commerce Essay Porters theory of generic strategies, the Ansoff Matrix, the strategy clock and the TOWS Matrix are the important tools that are needed to produce strategic options (Proctor, 2000, p 37) (Williamson, et al, 2003, p 78) Based on Porters generic strategies, it can be said that Dell followed a hybrid focus strategy. A hybrid strategy is a combination of both differentiation and cost leadership strategy (Johnson et al, 2008, p.230). Dell is constantly structuring its business to be seen more than a PC business and is focusing on different areas of business such as security, business logistics and applications as well as minimising on its costs as far as possible. Based on the Ansoff matrix, Dell can be said to have adopted market development mainly to encourage growth. Selling directly to customers enable dell to enter market development phase by selling new products through new distribution channels. The strategy is based on selling existing products in new markets by reaping the majority of market share. The Ansoffs will be used to suggest the strategic direction for Dell. By investing in RD can be beneficial to Dell as it can continuously develop new products with the latest technology on the market before its competitors, thereby benefitting from first mover advantage. Its strong brand name can enable Dell to impose insurmountable barriers to its competitors. Moreover, it can expand its customer base and retain its customers. As discussed above, people also want the latest technology, thus there is high opportunity of growth in this market. However, focussing on RD will mean diverging from the direct sales model as innovative products necessitate various channels of distribution to ensure speedy delivery. As a result, RD can move Dell away from its mass customisation which is one of its core competencies. Dell can move into business consulting which may be a good source of revenue streams. The biggest opportunity which Dell can leverage is its efficient value chain. Its efficient value chain enabled it to achieve lot of success and therefore by moving into consulting can further strengthen its reputation. By entering into consulting, it will enter a new market and reach new customers which will help it expand its customer base. However, Dell only has specific knowledge but it is not equipped with the necessary expertise to enter into consulting and serve the market profitably which can tarnish the image of the business in the future. This strategy encourages Dell to return to its core competencies and calls for the company to get back to basics. It pushes the company to improve upon those competencies. The strategic direction can be market development and method here can be strategic alliance and joint ventures. The company can form alliances with consulting companies. This method is good in the sense that it does not require much investment. Dell can reinvigorate on its core competencies and further integrate in the market. Dell can strengthen its core competencies further by including more suppliers, improving its customer service, engaging in more marketing and promotion initiatives and expanding the turnkey solutions. By adopting this strategy, dell can improve its value chain, concentrate on the existing market and expand its customer base. Moreover, this strategy do not require much investment as Dell does not have to reinvent itself and product new products. Dell is dependent on Intel processor gives it limited choice to satisfy all its customers. Therefore, by adding more suppliers, Dell can offer more configuration choices to its customers. The growth of enterprise solutions and service businesses has led to a change in the revenue stream of the business in 2010. Dell therefore can leverage on that important asset by providing more predictable solutions to customers and hence strengthen its position in the market. By following this strategy, dell can continue to maintain its position in the market as a pioneer and differentiate itself from its competitors. The proposed method here can be Strategic Alliances and Organic Development. Therefore, by engaging into alliances, Dell can make use of the resources of its alliances to provide new goods and services to its customers more easily. Using strategic alliances in the existing market will enable Dell to improve and increase its retailing of products. Financial position Dells financial position shows a stellar performance which can be shown by its ratios. Revenues in May 2012 fell below the forecast due to high fall in sales as new technologies tablets and iPad have taken a larger share of the market. Therefore to overcome this gloomy outlook, Dell is diversifying into other line of business so as to remain competitive in the market. This clearly explains its recent waves of international mergers and acquisitions it has taken over the last two years (The New York Times, 2012). Dells profits slid by 47% in the third quarter of 2012. This is because Dells business is considered to be a static one which is tied to the sale of PCs, while consumers want the latest technology. This has led  to the continuous increase in demand for tablets and smartphones which have spurred growth in the market (Bloomberg businessweek, 2012). Dell has recently adopted storage as part of its business. Coupled with that, it is now aligning its storage portfolio to provide non-stop, fluid data solutions. There was an increase in revenue of 16% from 2010 to 2011 mainly due to an improvement in the economy. During a recession, people usually decrease their demand for luxury goods which clearly shows the decline for 2009. The growth of enterprise solutions and service businesses has led to a change in the revenue stream of the business in 2010. There was an increase in revenue from 14.3% in 2009 to 18.7% in 2011. Compared to the poor net income performance in 2010 due to a big fall in revenue, that of 2011 was pretty good. There has been an increase of 84% in net income in 2011 from 2010. This resulted from an increase of 1.6% and 2.5% in profit margin and ROA respectively. The improvement in growth can also be attributed to the increase involvement of Dell in service operation. As a result, Dell continues to invest a lot in its service aspect of business (Part 2, Item 7, Form 10-K, Dell Inc. 2011). Dell has touted an increase in growth mainly from its acquisitions. There was an increase in current assets by $4,776 billion from 2010. This resulted mainly from due to an increase in cash and cash equivalents which represented 4.4% of total assets. Cash and cash equivalents rose mainly due to an increase in revenue and a decrease in cash in investing activities. There was an improvement in fixed asset turnover from 24.3 times in 2010 to 31.5 times in 2011 which shows clearly that Dell has used its fixed assets more effectively to generate revenue. This represents a shift in their revenue streams (Part 1 2, Item 2 8, Form 10-K, Dell Inc. 2011). Both current ratio and quick ratio improved from 2010 to 2011 which shows that Dell managed its assets efficiently so as to maintain a good liquidity position. Due to a rise in retained profits in 2011, equity rise to $2billion. Equity rose from 28.9% in fiscal 2010 to 39.3% in fiscal 2011 mainly due to the purchase of shares and stock price variations. (Part 2, Item 8, Form 10-K, Dell Inc. 2011) Based on the BCG matrix, Dells PC can be classified as a cash cow. Its market continues to expand. To maintain its position as a cash cow, Dell has to come up with products to meet the needs and provide value to its customers. The star can be its server business and needs to be upgraded continuously so as to maintain its position. The question mark can be its service business and to turn it into a star, Dells has to increase its market share in that sector. GE matrix- dell PC can be said in the high segment as it has earned high growth in both the US and other countries by now. Its server business also has earned consistent growth till now. The service business is growing but not as much as that of server and PC business. This sector needs to be developed more so as to have a greater portion of its portfolio. Dells peripheral business which includes printers has significant growth in sales but is facing competition from its competitors hence placing it in the medium growth segment. Evaluating strategic options Strategic options can be evaluated by using assessment of Johnson Scholes (1999) who had put forward three criteria mainly suitability, feasibility and acceptability. Suitability takes into consideration whether the strategic direction chosen by the organisation fit the issues in which the organisation is operating and its appropriateness to the strategic positioning of the organisation, (Johnson Scholes, 2008). To evaluate the feasibility of the strategy, it is necessary to assess the capability of the business in terms of competencies. Concerning the market penetration, it can be said the strategy is feasible in terms of resource deployment. This is because Dell is not doing anything new. It already has a high market share in the industry and is just expanding its customer base. Thus, it does not need extra manpower. Also, by engaging into alliances it has the possibility to use the resources of its alliance. Product development- Focussing on RD to produce new innovative products require a lot of investment and new competencies. This can prove to be costly in the long run. Market development- Dell will have to hire more resources and even employ more staff to monitor the new business and also recruit expertise in this field. As a result, it can be costly. ACCEPTABILITY It is concerned with the future outcomes and it can be measured in terms of risk and return and impact on shareholders. After analysing the financial position of the company, it can be said that Dell has a good performance and though the market and product development needs sufficient investment, the company is well placed to undertake the option. Market penetration- Dell has a high position in the market and thus by adopting this strategy will not need much investment in terms of financial and human resources. After analysing Dells strengths and opportunities, it is found that Dell can adopt this strategy without much risk and can use the resources of its alliances to serve the new market Product development can be quite risky for Dell as it has to invest a lot on RD and also its competitors have already move ahead with innovative products. Hence, its products can fail thereby tarnish its image. Dells return on investment (5 yr avg) is 18.64 compared to that of the industry which is 14.96 (Reuters, 2012). This shows

Immigrants in Singapore

Name: Clara Soo Wen Lin (4) Class: 2E History Holiday SEQ Assignment Question 1(a) Immigrants came to early Singapore due to push factors such as famines and droughts as well as natural disasters and starvation, and the desire to seek protection and safety. India was overpopulated and the immigrants faced many droughts and natural disasters in their homeland. After droughts wiped out their crops and resulted in famine, many would be forced to find jobs in the city in order to earn a living to feed their families. However, jobs were scarce which caused many of them to seek employment outside of India. With the prospect of finding jobs outside, this would at least give them a chance to survive. Similarly in China, with famines and droughts being a common occurrence, accompanied by the shortage of fertile land for crop cultivation, a huge portion of the population who worked as labourers or farmers resulted in starving. Furthermore, there was much disorder and unrest in China as the people were trying to overthrow the corrupted Qing government, resulting in many Chinese seeking protection and safety outside China. On the coastal areas in the Malay Archipelago, pirate attacks were frequents; in war-torn areas in Sumatra, Java and Malaya, life was extremely unsafe, which was why many Malays were â€Å"pushed† to leave their homeland. Therefore, the first reason why immigrants came to early Singapore was because of push factors such as famines and droughts as well as natural disasters and starvation, and the desire to seek protection and safety. Pull factors which brought many immigrants to Singapore was because Singapore can provide more job and business opportunities as well as better living conditions, the free immigration policies and not to forget that Singapore was a free trading port. As news of the founding of Singapore spread to neighbouring countries and even the countries as far away as India and China, many traders and shippers were attracted to Singapore where they could enjoy freedom of trade, which meant that they did not have to pay any customs duties or taxes on goods they brought into, or out of, Singapore. Singapore also served as a efficient trading centre where the British traders could sell their goods to people throughout Southeast Asia. Large numbers of people from the Malay Archipelago, Southeast Asia, India, China and other parts of the world flocked to Singapore to trade or to look for work because of the free immigration policies which meant that the immigrants were allowed to come and go as they pleased. As there was no warfare in Singapore then, it provided the Malays with a peaceful and safe place to settle down into. In this manner, Singapore in the 19th century was like a magnet which attracted many immigrants due to the many pull factors such as free immigration policies, freedom of trade, more job and business opportunities as well as better living conditions. Question 1(b) I agree to a large extent that the success of Singapore as a prosperous trading centre depended solely on the contributions of the migrant workers who came to Singapore in the 19th century. To shape Singapore into what it is today – a successful and prosperous trading centre – was mainly due to the presence of trade activities and revenue earned. However, it did not depend on the immigrants solely as Farquhar and Raffles were key figures in solving the problems brought about by the migrant workers along with their contributions to Singapore. The Malays contributed to trade by bringing in straits produce like coffee, birds’ nests, spices and rice from the East Indies to Singapore. Straits produce are the products that are grown in the East Indies. These Straits produce helped to widen the variety of goods being traded between Singapore and other countries. Therefore, trade was enhanced. In the aspect of education, some Malays who were educated worked as journalists or teachers. One famous example is Munshi Abdullah who could speak many languages and also wrote books about the early Singapore. Malays were also expert boat-builders. Besides making boats for traders, they also served as sailors and officers on the ships. Others worked as policemen, fishermen and watchmen. The Chinese also made many contributions from middlemen to merchants and planters. Some Chinese businessmen acted as middlemen between the British and the non-English speaking traders. They bought straits produce from the Asians and sold them to the British. Most of the middlemen were Peranakans. Among them were Tan Kim Seng and Tan Tock Seng. Some Chinese were shopkeepers who sold daily needs like cloth, medicine and provisions. Hoo Ah Kay was a shopkeeper who supplied ships with bread and vegetables. He also owned a bakery and an accessories shop. He owned a large gambier plantation and he was the first businessman who produced cash crops in large amount. Other than the above mentioned, Chinese also served as skilled labourers like carpenters, barbers and goldsmiths. Those who were unskilled worked as hawkers, servants, coolies and rickshaw-pullers. In terms of business, North Indians became milkmen who sold milk to other Indians or Europeans. They reared cows, goat and buffaloes to get their milk. Others were shopkeepers who provided daily needs like food, cloth and laundry services. Besides these, The Indian Muslims served as moneychangers and also moneylenders. Lastly, we also have the Sikhs who were good policemen and watchmen because of their strength and body size. The thieves were scared of their Beards and turbans. Europeans had the knowledge of trade and commerce. They setup companies, which had connections with Europe with their capital. They sold the goods that were made in Europe and shipped the goods that they bought from Asia back to Europe. Among them were Alexander Guthrie and Edward Boustead. The European merchants gave their opinions and pointed out the weaknesses of the government here. Some of them volunteered to be unpaid judges. They helped to maintain law and order in this way. Even though the immigrants played a significant role in contributing to Singapore to aid her development, they also created many problems for the settlement. Singapore became a lawless society, where secret societies were rampant because many of the Chinese who voluntarily joined were lonely in a new settlement and sought for friendship, protection as well as help and assistance that they believed the secret societies could provide them with. These people committed many crimes, from gang robberies to obstruction to justice and even to the extent of murder. They were a powerful group of people as the inefficient police force was ill-equipped in the 1800s and they could not understand the language of the Chinese secret societies. This resulted in insecurities of the residents in Singapore and may result in traders doubting the security of Singapore and not coming here to trade. This would implicated our port prosperity and bring down our revenue earned. Other key figures such as Raffles and Farquhar also have to be credited for their share of contribution to the development of Singapore. Raffles drew up a Town Plan during his visit to Singapore in 1822 as he found that the settlement had grown in a most disorderly manner. The town was divided into different areas for government, business and residential. Different races also settled in different areas of town, which could help reduce conflict between the different races who practised different cultures. Farquhar, on the other hand, firstly helped to get the traders from the places nearby to come to Singapore and trade as not many people knew about the settlement in Singapore. He invited the immigrants from Malacca to come and trade and stationed an office at St. John’s Island to inform the trading ships passing by about the settlement in Singapore. Apart from setting a stable foundation for the trading port, he also took care of problems such as the lack of building materials, food, tools and other necessities, the pests that roamed all over the settlement and also tried to solve the problem of common occurrences of crimes and robberies by setting up a small police force. Therefore, in conclusion, I agree to a large extent that the success of Singapore as a prosperous trading centre depended solely on the contributions of the migrant workers . The migrant workers contributed in different areas, mainly building the settlement, promoting trade, working for the government and also serving the community. Their contributions went a long way in helping the people and improving their lives in the long run. Without the hark word of these migrant workers, the fact that Singapore became a successful port would not have been made possible. On the other hand, I would have to disagree that success of Singapore was only due to the immigrants' contributions. Other key figures such as Raffles and Farquhar played a significant role in guiding Singapore through, hand-in-hand with the immigrants.

Human Behavior in an Organization Essay

In an organization there are lots of factors to be considered for the company to achieve its goals and objective and succeed. These factors include communication, motivation, leadership skills, personal characteristics of employees, interaction between and among employees and teamwork. Communication is significant in transferring information because the information to be transferred must be precise and accurate to avoid miscommunication. Failure to communicate proper information might cause a negative long-term effect on the company. Furthermore, miscommunication may result to personal conflicts between members of an organization. Persons or employees in the organization must feel motivated to achieve the goals and objectives that should be met. This motivation may come from personal factors, such as for family and self-competence, or external factors, such as salaries or benefits are tied to performance of doing a job. Highly motivated members are the ones who mostly done their job efficiently. Management must motivate employees for them to do their jobs efficiently and effectively so as to lessen any probable negative impacts to the organization. There is always a person or a group of persons that will initiate any activities done by an organization and we usually call these people as leaders. A leader must be sensitive to feelings of others but not to the extent that it would prejudice any undertakings made by the group. We see different kinds of leaders, there are those who are autocratic or who don’t listen to what others has to say but there are also those that listens, hears and considers the point of view of others. Conflicts may arise in an organization primarily because of the personal characteristics of each employee that are not acceptable to others. This should not be done because everyone is different in his or her own way. Conflicts between employees would result to negative effects that would cause to fail to meet the objectives. These problems between members must be resolve to build a better relationship between them and to be able to prevent this problems to arise again in the future. In any activity that an organization should do, teamwork must always be present. This is very important to achieve the organization’s goals and objectives efficiently. In a team, each one must do their part to help achieve the goal and not help prejudice the activity. In a team, together everyone achieves more, which means that if members would just work together, all of the objectives, even the least important objective will be met. There are weaknesses and strengths inside a group and this must be taken into considerations, to eliminate these weaknesses and improve those strengths. Team building activities may be done by the organization to improve the relationship between and among members so as to have a team that works together for a common goal. Hence, goal congruence arises, which is very important factor that must exist inside the organization. Thus, proper communication, motivation, leadership skills, relationships between members and teamwork must exist within an organization. In this way, any goals and objectives of the organization will be met. As long as each one of the members do their parts well, nothing could go wrong and the organization will be successful in any activities they will undertake.

Gender, Race, And Class - 957 Words

In the All-New Volvo XC90 commercial the first words to appear on the screen is â€Å"What is Luxury?† In this commercial it appears that luxury can only be afforded by primarily white, rich males. The media in the United States has made a lot of progress towards showing gender and racial equality on TV but America still has a long way to go. As of 2015 white men still have a patriarchal ranking in media compared to women and minorities. This essay will be discussing how intersectionality, such as gender, race, and class, play a key part in gender roles in TV media today. Luxury is the main focus in Volvo Cars US’ commercial for their new Volvo XC90; but what does luxury mean? According to Merriam Webster Online, the definition of luxury is something that is expensive and not necessary (â€Å"Luxury†). But according to the All-New Volvo XC90 commercial, luxury signifies simplicity, a sanctuary, confidence, and safety. First of all this commercial is showing that all of those things are expensive and they are not a necessity to live. Anyone can gain a sanctuary and confidence for free. Those things do not come from buying something expensive, they come from how an individual feels about oneself. In the commercial it shows a white man driving and navigating the touch screen GPS system while a white woman sits in the passenger seat and smiles at the man. The video goes on to show the interior and exterior of the car itself. Towards the end, the car is shown driving through a fancy,Show MoreRelatedRace, Class And Gender1032 Words   |  5 Pages IN WHAT WAYS DO RACE, CLASS AND GENDER SHAPE PRACTICES AND EXPERIENCES IN PRISON? DRAW ON THEORIES AND EXAMPLES/CASE STUDIES TO SUPPORT YOUR CASE. OVERVIEW This essay will explore how race, class and gender shapes practices and experiences in prison. Firstly, a discussion of prison in general is necessary. In other words, what constitutes prisons, its aims and objectives and prison culture (Reeves, 2015). Currently there are 38,845 prisoners in Australia (Australian Bureau of Statistics, 2016)Read MoreClass, Gender, And Race1083 Words   |  5 PagesClass, Gender, and Race in To Kill A Mockingbird: Is Mayella Powerful? In the book â€Å"To Kill A Mockingbird†, Mayella Ewell is the conflict of the story. To challenge herself to see if she is powerful based on class, gender, and race. Mayella is powerful due to her race; however, she would not be powerful due to her class and gender. One might think she is powerful over all; however, she does not have power in the eyes of some readers. Proceeding on to see if Mayella has power in race. Mayella EwellRead MoreRace, Gender, And Class1501 Words   |  7 Pages How did race, gender or class evolve in America in economic and social terms? Was race or class most important in shaping Colonial America and how do they interact today? Has the very idea of Class become almost synonymous with race (or ethnicity)? I would like to begin my research about immigration from what is was back in the day until modern times. Immigrants play such an important role in American History. People from different countries arrive to â€Å"The New World†, searchingRead MoreRace, Class, And Gender2137 Words   |  9 Pagesand be an enjoyable class to take. I had an idea of what the course would be about, but when I walked into the first class I was surprised how much the course would actually be covering in terms of race, class, and gender. Before taking Social Issues, I thought that the course would be exploring a broad range of social issues. My definition of social issues before the course was an issue that affected many individuals, not thinking specifically about race, class, and gender of all people. AfterRead MoreRace, Class, And Gender1976 Words   |  8 PagesMany of the results from the interview varied not only based on race, class and gender, but also from individual to individual. No matter what race or gender you are, a friend or family member different from you can have the same opinions, or in this case, some of the same answers to general life questions. I believe that these interview questions should not just be based on the race, class, and gender, but also the individuals themselves. From these questions and answers, one can get a true senseRead MoreRace, Class And Gender2035 Words   |  9 PagesFor this week the topics of our readings was Who Gets Ahead? Race, Class and Gender in Education. The readings focused on the inequalities that different groups face in our education system today. Some of the topics was how school classes create inequality, how activity participation plays a role in equality along with many other factors. A. Summary of Readings The Geography of Inequality For years people worked to desegregate schools so that every child no matter what color their skin was wouldRead MoreRace, Class, Gender2273 Words   |  10 PagesShaleen Seward SOC. 301, Race/Class/Gender Writing Assignment December 4, 2012 I am an American, says over 308,745,538 people in the United States this year (2010 Census Data.) These people originate from everywhere; America is a melting pot of culture, and that can unfortunately cause social inequalities to arise through the Matrix of Domination, a theory that mirrors the intersectionality of race, class, and gender, as coauthor of Race, Class, Gender, an Anthology Patricia HillRead More Race, Class and Gender1851 Words   |  8 PagesThis is premised on the stance that the racial hierarchy, regardless of its dismissal, seems to continue to characterise socio-economic relations. stated that race remains a factor because it is deeply embedded within the subconscious, a discussion on this shall follow suit. McClintock (1992: 5) declared that â€Å"race, class and gender are not distinct realms of experience existing in splendid isolation from each other. Rather they come into existence in and through relations to each other.† MoreoverRead MoreRace Class and Gender1003 Words   |  5 PagesWHAT ARE YOU TO DO WHEN LOOKING LIKE YOU DO IS NOT BEAUTIFUL? Beautiful. Everyone wants to look beautiful, but who determines what beautiful is? Being ugly is a problem that everyone fears. Getting under the knife on a surgical table is an answer to the problem. Eating an apple and only an apple, once a day is the other answer to the problem. The problem of not looking beautiful is slowly wiping out the naturally beautiful men and women. What are you to do when looking like you do, is not beautifulRead MoreRace, Class, Gender And Sexuality Essay953 Words   |  4 Pagesdemonstrate how race, class, gender and sexuality make certain experiences different. Intersectionality is the overlapping of social categories such as race, class, gender and sexuality that leads to further discrimination against a certain individual or group. To take an intersectional approach to understand race, class, gender and sexuality, is to consider hardships not as a similar element for all individuals without regards to race, but instead consider where in a specific h ardship different races, genders